Relative Performance of MinION (Oxford Nanopore Technologies) vs. Sequel (Pacific Biosciences) Third-Generation Sequencing Instruments in Identification of Agricultural and Forest Fungal Pathogens.
molecular identification method based on culture-has revolutionized the detection of pathogens, however, this method is slow and may produce inconclusive results of environmental materials. The second-generation sequencing tools have further enhanced the precision and sensitivity of detection, but this analysis is expensive and may take several days to months. The third-generation sequencing techniques, the device is portable Minion (Oxford Nanopore Technologies) has received much attention because of its size and the possibility of a quick analysis of small low cost.
Here, we compare the relative performance of the two instruments third generation sequencing, Minion and Sequel (Pacific Biosciences) in the identification and diagnosis of fungi and oomycetes pathogens of conifers (Pinaceae spp.) A needle and a potato (Solanum tuberosum) leaves and tubers. We show that the sequel efficient instrument for metabarcoding complex samples, while Minion is not suitable for this purpose because of the high error rate and some bias. However, we discovered that the minion can be used for rapid and accurate identification of the dominant pathogenic organisms and other related organisms from plant tissue follows both based on PCR amplicon-free-and metagenomics approach.
Using metagenomics approach to the extraction of DNA and shortened incubation times, we did the whole workflow from sample preparation through Minion DNA extraction, sequencing, bioinformatics and interpretation in two and a half hours. We recommend the use of Minion for rapid diagnosis of pathogens and other potential organisms, but care needs to be taken to control or account for some of the technical potential biases.IMPORTANCE Microbial pathogens causing huge losses to agriculture and forestry, but culturing- combined current and molecular-based detection method identification-too slow for the rapid identification and implementation of countermeasures.
Here we develop new protocols and quick for third-generation diagnostic Minion-based Oxford Nanopore plant pathogens greatly improve diagnostic speed. However, due to a high error rate and the technical bias in Minion, Pacific BioSciences Sequel platform more useful for deep amplicon based biodiversity monitoring (metabarcoding) from complex environmental samples.
Relative Performance of MinION (Oxford Nanopore Technologies) vs. Sequel (Pacific Biosciences) Third-Generation Sequencing Instruments in Identification of Agricultural and Forest Fungal Pathogens.
Integrative Biology and Big-Data-centrism: Mapping a Bioscience Ethics Perspective with S.W.O.T. Matrix.
In biomedicine today, omics technology-oriented system encourages research mode to achieve a more holistic view and personal health and disease. This scientific approach shifts co-occur with biocapitalism era marked by the market for biomaterials (eg, DNA, cells and tissues) as resource exploitation, high-throughput technology as a tool, and “Big Data” as currency.
Prediagnostics and based genomic analysis successfully entered the public domain more or less unfiltered, offers a variety of business opportunities imagine individuals to contribute to the health sector by providing biomaterials and data, and using technology, thus becoming participants and coproducers health information. Explore the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats by S.W.O.T. analysis, we highlight some of the opportunities, pitfalls, and the sector bias of ethical attitudes Bioscience.
Explore the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats by S.W.O.T. analysis, we highlight some of the opportunities, pitfalls, and the sector bias of ethical attitudes Bioscience. We conclude that the shift from predictive diagnostic interpretation of data that comes along with integrative biology seems to escape occasional awareness of the public and experts.
Description: The anti-IgY beads were made by cross-linking of bovine IgG anti-IgY antibodies to Protein A/G agarose beads. IgY is the original designation of chicken IgG like immunoglobulin.
Description: The histone deacetylase (HDAC) family contains multiple members which are divided into four classes. Class I of the HDAC family comprises four members, HDAC1, 2, 3, and 8, each of which contains a deacetylase domain and exhibits a different, individual substrate specificity and function in vivo (1). HDAC2 was first identified as as a mammalian homolog to the yeast transcriptional regulator RPD3 (2). HDAC2 forms transcriptional repressor complexes by associating with many different proteins, including YY1, a mammalian zinc-finger transcription factor (2,3). Thus, it plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events (4).
Description: The histone deacetylase (HDAC) family contains multiple members which are divided into four classes. Class I of the HDAC family comprises four members, HDAC1, 2, 3, and 8, each of which contains a deacetylase domain and exhibits a different, individual substrate specificity and function in vivo (1). HDAC2 was first identified as as a mammalian homolog to the yeast transcriptional regulator RPD3 (2). HDAC2 forms transcriptional repressor complexes by associating with many different proteins, including YY1, a mammalian zinc-finger transcription factor (2,3). Thus, it plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events (4).
Description: A polyclonal antibody against HDAC2. Recognizes HDAC2 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, WB, IHC, IF
Description: A polyclonal antibody against HDAC2. Recognizes HDAC2 from Human, Mouse. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, IHC;ELISA:1:1000-1:5000, IHC:1:25-1:100
Description: A polyclonal antibody against HDAC2. Recognizes HDAC2 from Human, Mouse. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, IHC;ELISA:1:1000-1:2000, IHC:1:15-1:50
Description: A polyclonal antibody against HDAC2. Recognizes HDAC2 from Human, Mouse, Rat, Monkey. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: WB, IHC, ELISA;WB:1/500-1/2000.IHC:1/100-1/300.ELISA:1/40000
Description: This gene product belongs to the histone deacetylase family. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes, and are responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues at the N-terminal regions of core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). This protein forms transcriptional repressor complexes by associating with many different proteins, including YY1, a mammalian zinc-finger transcription factor. Thus, it plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events.
Description: This gene product belongs to the histone deacetylase family. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes, and are responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues at the N-terminal regions of core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). This protein forms transcriptional repressor complexes by associating with many different proteins, including YY1, a mammalian zinc-finger transcription factor. Thus, it plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events.
Description: Histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2), or transcriptional regulator homolog RPD3 L1, is highly homologous to the yeast transcription factor RPD3 (reduced potassium dependency 3) gene. As in yeast, human HDA2 is likely to be involved in regulating chromatin structure during transcription. It has been implicated to associate with YY1, a mammalian zinc-finger transcription factor, which negatively regulates transcription by tethering RPD3 to DNA as a cofactor. This process is highly conserved from yeast to human.
Description: Histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2), or transcriptional regulator homolog RPD3 L1, is highly homologous to the yeast transcription factor RPD3 (reduced potassium dependency 3) gene. As in yeast, human HDA2 is likely to be involved in regulating chromatin structure during transcription. It has been implicated to associate with YY1, a mammalian zinc-finger transcription factor, which negatively regulates transcription by tethering RPD3 to DNA as a cofactor. This process is highly conserved from yeast to human.
Description: Histone deacetylase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HDAC2 gene. This gene product belongs to the histone deacetylase family. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes and are responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal region of the core histones(H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). This protein also forms transcriptional repressor complexes by associating with many different proteins, including YY1, a mammalian zinc-finger transcription factor. Thus it plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Betz et al.(1998) performed PCR using HDAC2-specific primers to screen a somatic cell hybrid mapping panel. They mapped the HDAC2 gene to human chromosome 6q21, a region of the genome altered in some cancers, including retinoblastoma.
Description: Histone deacetylase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HDAC2 gene. This gene product belongs to the histone deacetylase family. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes and are responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal region of the core histones(H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). This protein also forms transcriptional repressor complexes by associating with many different proteins, including YY1, a mammalian zinc-finger transcription factor. Thus it plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Betz et al.(1998) performed PCR using HDAC2-specific primers to screen a somatic cell hybrid mapping panel. They mapped the HDAC2 gene to human chromosome 6q21, a region of the genome altered in some cancers, including retinoblastoma.
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human HDAC2 . This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications:
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human HDAC2 . This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications:
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of HDAC2 from Human, Mouse, Rat, Monkey. This HDAC2 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human HDAC2 around the non-phosphorylation site of S394
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of HDAC2 from Human, Mouse, Rat, Monkey. This HDAC2 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human HDAC2 around the non-phosphorylation site of S394
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of HDAC2 from Human, Mouse, Rat, Monkey. This HDAC2 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human HDAC2 around the non-phosphorylation site of S394
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against HDAC2 from Human/Mouse/Rat/Monkey. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, IHC, WB, ELISA
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against HDAC2 from Human/Mouse/Rat/Monkey. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, IHC, WB, ELISA
Description: The Kinetic HDAC2 Assay Kit is a complete assay system designed to_x000D_measure histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) activity kinetically for screening and profiling_x000D_applications. It comes in a convenient 96-well format, with all the reagents necessary for_x000D_100 fluorescent HDAC2 activity measurements. In addition, the kit includes purified_x000D_HDAC2 enzyme and a potent HDAC inhibitor, SAHA, for use as a positive and negative_x000D_control. The Kinetic HDAC2 Assay Kit is based on a unique fluorogenic substrate and_x000D_developer combination. This assay method eliminates dealing with the radioactivity,_x000D_extraction, and chromatography aspects of traditional assays. Using this kit, only one_x000D_simple step for setting up the HDAC2 reaction on a microtiter plate is needed and then_x000D_the HDAC2 activity level can be measured kinetically using a fluorescence reader.
Description: A polyclonal antibody against HDAC2 (Ab-394). Recognizes HDAC2 (Ab-394) from Human, Mouse, Rat. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, WB, IHC, IF;WB:1:500-1:1000, IHC:1:50-1:200, IF:1:100-1:200
Description: A polyclonal antibody against HDAC2 (Ab-394). Recognizes HDAC2 (Ab-394) from Human, Mouse, Rat. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, WB, IHC, IF;WB:1:500-1:1000, IHC:1:50-1:200, IF:1:100-1:200
Description: The Fluorogenic HDAC2 Assay Kit is a complete assay system_x000D_designed to measure histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) activity for screening and profiling_x000D_applications. It comes in a convenient 96-well format, with all the reagents necessary for_x000D_100 fluorescent HDAC2 activity measurements. In addition, the kit includes purified_x000D_HDAC2 enzyme and a potent HDAC inhibitor, Trichostatin A, for use as a positive and_x000D_negative control. The Fluorogenic HDAC2 Assay Kit is based on a unique fluorogenic_x000D_substrate and developer combination. This assay method eliminates dealing with the_x000D_radioactivity, extraction, and chromatography aspects of traditional assays. Using this kit,_x000D_only two simple steps on a microtiter plate are needed to analyze the HDAC activity_x000D_level. First, the HDAC fluorometric substrate, containing an acetylated lysine side chain,_x000D_is incubated with purified HDAC2. The deacetylation sensitizes the substrate so_x000D_subsequent treatment with the Lysine Developer produces a fluorophore that can then_x000D_be measured using a fluorescence reader.
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human HDAC2 (S394). This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications:
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human HDAC2 (Center). This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications:
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human HDAC2 (Center). This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications:
Description: Description of target: This gene product belongs to the histone deacetylase family. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes, and are responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues at the N-terminal regions of core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). This protein forms transcriptional repressor complexes by associating with many different proteins, including YY1, a mammalian zinc-finger transcription factor. Thus, it plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.;Species reactivity: Human;Application: ELISA;Assay info: Assay Methodology: Quantitative Sandwich ELISA;Sensitivity: 0.054 ng/mL
Description: Description of target: Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. Forms transcriptional repressor complexes by associating with MAD, SIN3, YY1 and N-COR. Interacts in the late S-phase of DNA-replication with DNMT1 in the other transcriptional repressor complex composed of DNMT1, DMAP1, PCNA, CAF1. Deacetylates TSHZ3 and regulates its transcriptional repressor activity. Component of a RCOR/GFI/KDM1A/HDAC complex that suppresses, via histone deacetylase (HDAC) recruitment, a number of genes implicated in multilineage blood cell development. May be involved in the transcriptional repression of circadian target genes, such as PER1, mediated by CRY1 through histone deacetylation. Involved in MTA1-mediated transcriptional corepression of TFF1 and CDKN1A.;Species reactivity: Human;Application: ;Assay info: Assay Methodology: Quantitative Sandwich Immunoassay;Sensitivity: < 0.057 ng/mL
Description: Description of target: Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the n-terminal part of the core histones (h2a, h2b, h3 and h4). histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes (by similarity). ;Species reactivity: Mouse;Application: ;Assay info: Quantitative Sandwich ELISA;Sensitivity: <0.073 ng/mL
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human HDAC2 (C-term). This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications:
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human HDAC2 (aa360-409). This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications:
Description: A Monoclonal antibody against Human HDAC2. The antibodies are raised in Mouse and are from clone 4C10C3. This antibody is applicable in WB and IHC, FC, ICC, E
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human HDAC2 (N-Terminus). This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications:
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of HDAC2 phospho Ser394) from Human, Mouse, Rat, Monkey. This HDAC2 phospho Ser394) antibody is for WB, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human HDAC2 around the phosphorylation site of S394
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of HDAC2 phospho Ser394) from Human, Mouse, Rat, Monkey. This HDAC2 phospho Ser394) antibody is for WB, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human HDAC2 around the phosphorylation site of S394
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of HDAC2 phospho Ser394) from Human, Mouse, Rat, Monkey. This HDAC2 phospho Ser394) antibody is for WB, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human HDAC2 around the phosphorylation site of S394
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against HDAC2 (phospho Ser394) from Human/Mouse/Rat/Monkey. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, WB, ELISA
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against HDAC2 (phospho Ser394) from Human/Mouse/Rat/Monkey. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, WB, ELISA
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In addition, the rapid translation into products for the global healthcare market is based on the valuable views on health and disease, which in turn affects the basic research through, for example, funding policy and research questions that are asked.
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